Loopring aims to merge features from both centralized and decentralized cryptocurrency exchanges, creating a protocol that captures their distinct benefits while removing inefficiencies.
Centralized exchanges currently dominate crypto trading. Although they are convenient and widely used, their custodial model presents significant risks. Since these platforms hold user funds between deposits and withdrawals, assets face the danger of partial or total loss from hacker attacks, internal malicious actors, or regulatory actions.
A further issue with centralized exchanges is poor transparency. Because trades are recorded in internal databases rather than settled on the blockchain, exchanges can manipulate prices and potentially use customer funds for unauthorized purposes while holding them in custody.
To address these issues, decentralized crypto exchanges (DEXs) have appeared in recent years. Rather than taking custody of funds or processing trades internally, DEXs facilitate direct connections between buy and sell orders, settling transactions on a public blockchain.
While DEXs remove custodial and transparency risks, they suffer from their own drawbacks, primarily lower efficiency compared to centralized options due to blockchain limitations and fragmented liquidity.
The Loopring protocol attempts to retain the benefits of DEXs while mitigating these inefficiencies through hybrid solutions. By managing orders centrally but settling trades on-chain, and by combining up to 16 orders into circular trades instead of restricting activity to strict one-vs-one pairs, Loopring expects to boost order execution efficiency and improve DEX liquidity.